PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the final seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.